Example Concept: Rust's borrow checker operates on the principle of ownership, where each piece of data has a single owner. Ownership can be temporarily transferred through borrowing, which comes in two forms: mutable and immutable. Immutable borrowing allows multiple references, while mutable borrowing allows only one reference at a time. The borrow checker statically enforces these rules at compile time, ensuring that references do not outlive the data they point to, thereby preventing use-after-free and other memory safety issues.